Linux Compatible Audio Gear and Affordable Microphone
During the recent Look & Sound GREAT in Calls workshop held in KubeCraft a question regarding USB/XLR microphone alternatives for Linux was raised. As I am a nerd for audio-gear (though I am not as deep into it compared to when I used to record local bands as a hobby) and have now spent a decade of trying to make gear compatible with Linux, I thought I'd compile a list of recommendations that I've owned in the past and can recommend for this use-case.
To make things easier I use foot-notes for basic terminologies used throughout this guideline. You may want to visit this list at the bottom prior to reading.
Also, find a [[Linux Compatible Audio Gear and Affordable Microphone Alternatives#A Few Words Of Caution|a few words of caution]] at the bottom.
TL;DR (Summary)
This post was written spontaneously and will contain a lot of rambling and probably unnecessary explanations - so here's the TL;DR: You can get a very nice setup out of the box on Linux using the Focusrite Vocaster One and the the t.bone BC 500 for about 130€. If you're willing to do some setup or go with a very cheap option, swap the BC 500 for the Behringer XM8500 and you have a working setup for about 80€.
Audio Interfaces
The interface is the main connectivity point for audio connections. The interface itself is connected via USB to your PC (basically an overblown "microphone/loudspeaker to USB adapter"). All mentioned interfaces feature at least one XLR1 input, two TRS2 outputs, phantom power3 and one 6,35 mm headphone jack.
- PreSonus AudioBox GO (may also be found rebranded from Fender or others): Very neat little box (10x10 cm). It feels a little cheap, but the dials/connectors are nice. I found the LEDs to be a major annoyance, as they are very bright and might disturb you (I covered them). The input amplifier is a little weak, so something like the Shure SM7B / t.bone BC 500) needs a fethead4. USB-powered. All inputs work as expected out of the box using ALSA/PipeWire. Basic functionality works without drivers in Windows. Prices vary between 50-80€.
- Focusrite Vocaster One This interface is aimed at solo-podcasters, so perfect for our use-case. It's a little bulky for the included features, but looks modern. Some features of the Interface are stripped away from the device and only available in the bundled software, but I found this not be problematic for standard use cases. The one exception is that loopback5 is enabled by default and cannot be turned of on the device itself. I used a Windows system to disable this. This may not be an issue for you. The Vocaster features an "Auto Gain" setting, where your press a button and talk a few seconds, and it sets the input gain automatically, which I found to be very useful for spontaneous calls. It's not possible to separate the volume for the headphone out from the main outs. USB-powered. All inputs work as expected out of the box using ALSA/PipeWire. Price is about 45€. I saw massive discounts recently and Focusrite is quick to abandon products that do not hit the market well, so this may be discontinued in the near future.
- Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 (1st Gen): I'll cover this one only briefly, as it is older and totally overblown for this use-case with 18 inputs. This is only here to get other point of view for things to watch out. I've used this one for a long time. It feels very sturdy, but I've had a few issues (dials got sticky, power supply broke). The preamps were slightly noisy at higher gain settings. It worked fine with ALSA on pulse, but only the 1st input of the interface could be used properly. Discontinued and replaced by the Scarlett series
- Solid State Logic SSL 2 This is the interface I personally use. Mainly due to the special form factor with all ins and outs on the back. This is the only device that ticked (nearly - more on that later) all boxes for me. The input preamp can barely handle the Shure SM7B, which is what I use - the gain is set to 9/10 for me (eating the microphone). Alternatively, use a fethead. The preamps are really nice. Very clean, neutral sound profile, even at high gain settings. USB-powered. All inputs work as expected out of the box using ALSA/PipeWire. It is the only interface I've encountered so far, that does not give a loud pop when switching sources via a KVM-switch (which is the equivalent to ripping out the USB-cable). I only have two complaints with this interface. 1) It requires drivers on Windows even for basic functionality, which I need for a work laptop sometimes when working from home. The successor, the SSL 2 MKII seems to be officially USB Class compliant, but only for Mac. 2) I have a very slight latency6 in online calls using this device on Linux - so far I could not identify the source (read: I do not care enough to dig deeper as it's good enough). I bought it for about 230€ at the time. Definitely a high-quality recommendation if you want a classic audio experience.
Microphones
For meetings or other quick online activities, I found dynamic mics to be much easier to work with, as the characteristics are usually more forgiving. Condenser Mics tend to have a very warm and nice sound profile (like the one Sammy used), but tend to pick up noise from other sources in the room. They also require phantom power.
- Shure SM 7 B A classic in the broadcasting field. Dynamic mic that produces a very high quality, "radio-like" sound. Has few internal dials to shape the sound profile. Definitely a solid choice, but I would not recommend it if you just want to have setup that's above average. Price is about 380€.
- Behringer XM8500 This dynamic mic is kind of special. First of all - it's very cheap at only 20€. It's a clone of the Shure SM58 which you all have seen on stage used by your favorite bands. But out of the box, the sound profile is a little weak and dull (still much better than your average headset/laptop mic!). But pop a windshield on it and apply some processing magic and you have a Shure SM 7 B. Look up this video for details how to set this up (this could be a very nice bash scripting exercise on Linux :) - I also recommend this channel if you want to go full audio nerd mode). I've used two of these in the past and can confirm it works perfectly. Use this if your budget is tight.
- the t.bone BC 500 I've setup this one for my partner recently. This is a very nice sounding microphone. Basically a Shure SM 7 B for 80€. To be honest, there's nothing to add here. Funnily enough, I consider the sound profile even more pleasant than the SM 7 B. It's a little warmer from my point of view. Definitely my recommendation here.
I've used a few other microphones in the past, but won't include them in the list here, as I do not find them to be a good fit for this use-case.
Closing Words
That's it. Hope this guideline is useful for some of you. Even if its only one person, I am happy! :)
If you have any questions, hit me up. I am more than happy to discuss gear and setups :)
If you missed the workshop that fueled this post: Go ahead and watch it here- They did a great job covering the basics of proper A/V setup. I would like to use this opportunity to thank Sammy again for this workshop, I got some new inspirations to try out in the future!
Useful Resources
Here's a list of resources you may find useful for your personal setup:
- wwmm/easyeffects: Limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and many other plugins for PipeWire applications
- Audio4Linux/JDSP4Linux: An audio effect processor for PipeWire and PulseAudio clients
- PulseEffects Same project as easyeffects before a port to PipeWire (as far as I am aware)
- Open Broadcaster Software Software for video recording and live streaming.
- Thomann FetAmp is a cheap alternative to the TritonAudio FetHeadand more than enough, just make sure its not placed next to high power sources and does not move
A Few Words Of Caution
- This is only gear I've personally used in the past. Hardware support has become much better nowadays with audio interfaces. My guess is that most newer interfaces will work out of the box with Linux.
- I do not have any experience with USB mics, as I've only used XLR.
- Some of the suggested gear may be discontinued, but the used market for audio interfaces and microphones is usually very good.
- I also talk in the context of a very specific application - having good audio input for calls/meetings, so I won't cover features (mostly) irrelevant to this application.
- I can provide recommendations for Linux only, as this is what I use 99%. I have tested some of the gear on Windows in the past, but this was a long time ago or to setup PC's that I do not own. If you want to be sure everything works without drivers on Windows lookup interfaces that are USB Class compliant.
- I consider features only enabled by bundled software/drivers not to be available on Linux.
- I rated the audio quality in a few cases - compared to the typical home audio setup, the quality of any audio interface is so high, that it won't make a difference in 90% of the use cases. I assessed this using semi-professional studio monitors/headphones.
Balanced 3-wire connector that is typically used in studios/live applications (mostly input from a microphone)↩
Balanced 3-wire connector that is typically used in studios/live applications (mostly outputs). This looks like your typical line-connector used for headphones. Note that this is the typical connector used in audio interfaces and you may have to adjust your current loudspeaker setup as left/right is split into 2 separate outputs). But it may also be possible only use it for output on your system.↩
Voltage used to power microphones that require an energy source e.g. condenser mics (usually 48V)↩
In-line XLR amplifier used to amplify audio signals from weak sources (also called Cloudlift - costs about 30-100€)↩
Routing input directly into output without internal processing, so you will hear yourself in real-time on your outputs.↩
Delay of the audio signal due to internal processing - usually not relevant for our use-case.↩